Family and early life[edit]
Hussain was born in
Hyderabad,
Telengana, India, in a
Pashtun,
[3]family which came to be more closely associated with
Qaimganj,
Uttar Pradesh, and education and academia.
[1][4][5] After Hussain was born, his family migrated from Hyderabad to Qaimganj, where he grew up. He was the second of seven sons: the elder brother of fellow educationists
Yousuf Hussain and
Mahmud Hussain. He was also the uncle of academic
Masud Hussain and Anwar Hussain eminent anchorperson and former Managing Director of Pakistan State Television]. His grandson
Salman Khurshid, a
Congress politician, is the former
Foreign Minister of India.
[6]
Hussain's father, Fida Hussain Khan, died when he was ten years old; his mother died in 1911 when he was fourteen. Zakir Hussain attended Islamia High School,
Etawah, and was then educated at the Anglo-Muhammadan Oriental College, now
Aligarh Muslim University, where he was a prominent
student leader.
[7] He received his doctorate in economics from the University of Berlin in 1926.
[2] In 1915, at the age of 18, he married Shah Jahan Begum and had two daughters, Sayeeda Khan and Safia Rahman.
[8]
Hussain, then only 23, was among the small group of students and teachers who founded a National Muslim University, first founded in Aligarh on Friday 29 October 1920 then shifted to
Karol Bagh, New Delhi in 1925, then after shifted again on 1 March 1935 in Jamia Nagar, New Delhi and named it
Jamia Millia Islamia (a central university). He subsequently went to Germany to obtain a PhD from the
Frederick William University of Berlin in Economics. While in Germany, Hussain was instrumental in bringing out the anthology of arguably the greatest
Urdu poet Mirza Assadullah Khan "
Ghalib" (1797–1868).
[9]
He returned to India to head the Jamia Millia Islamia which was facing closure in 1927. He continued in that position for the next twenty-one years providing academic and managerial leadership to an institution that was intimately involved with India's struggle for freedom from the British Rule and experimented with value-based education on the lines advocated by
Mahatma Gandhi and
Hakim Ajmal Khan.
[10] During this period he continued to engage himself with movements for educational reforms in India and was particularly active in the affairs of his old
alma mater the MAO College, now the
Aligarh Muslim University. During this period Hussain emerged as one of the most prominent educational thinkers and practitioners of modern India. His personal sacrifice and untiring efforts to keep the Jamia afloat in very adverse circumstances won him appreciation of even his arch political rivals like
Mohammed Ali Jinnah.
Soon after India attained independence, Hussain agreed to be the Vice chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University which was facing trying times in post partition India because of active involvement of a section of its teachers and students in the movement for creation of
Pakistan. Dr Hussain, again, provided leadership during a critical phase of the history of the University at Aligarh from 1948–1956. Soon after completing his term as Vice Chancellor he was nominated as a member of the Upper House of Indian Parliament in 1956, a position he vacated in 1957 to become Governor of the State of Bihar.
After serving as the Governor of
Bihar from 1957 to 1962, and as the
second Vice President of India from 1962 to 1967, Hussain was elected
President of India on 13 May 1967. In his inaugural speech he said that the whole of India was his home and all its people were his family.
[11] During his last days, the issue of nationalization of banks was being hotly debated. The bill, in the end, received presidential consent from Sh M Hidayatullah, (acting president) on 9 August 1969.
[12]
Hussain died on 3 May 1969, the first Indian President to die in office. He is buried along with his wife on the campus of Jamia Millia Islamia in New Delhi.
Zakir Husain's Mausoleum in Jamia Millia Islamia
The grave of Zakir Hussain
Interior view of the Mausoleum of Zakir Hussain and His wife, ShahJahan Begum
Angle view of the Mausoleum through which the Grave of Zakir Hussain can be seen
interior view with an angle of the mausoleum of zakir husain
interior view with an angle of the mausoleum of zakir husain
References[edit]
- ^ Jump up to:a b Zakir Husain, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 12 February 2012, retrieved 13 May 2012
- ^ Jump up to:a b "Zakir Hussain". Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- Jump up^ Manjapra, Kris (2014). Age of Entanglement. United States: Harvard University Press. p. 160. ISBN 067-4-72631-6. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
- Jump up^ "History under threat". The Hindu. 10 October 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- Jump up^ Sharma, Vishwamitra (2007). Famous Indians of the 21st century. Pustak Mahal. p. 60. ISBN 81-223-0829-5. Retrieved 18 September 2010
- Jump up^ "After controversy, crowning glory for Khurshid". The Hindu. 29 October 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- Jump up^ Fārūqī, Z̤iāʼulḥasan (1999). "Dr. Zakir Hussain, quest for truth". Chapter 2 – Islamia High School Etawah. APH Publishing. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
- Jump up^ Jai, Janak Raj (2003). Presidents of India: 1950-2003. New Delhi: Regency Publications. p. 52.
- Jump up^ Zakir Saheb by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Zakir Sahab Zatti Yadain, Edited by Dr. Abid Raza Bedar, Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library, Patna, 1993, p. 165-168
- Jump up^ Zakir Sahab Aur Hakim Ajmal Khan by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Dr. Zakir Hussain Khan – Hayat, Fikr Aur Aman, Edited by Professor Abdul Ghaffar Shakil & Dr. Khaliq Anjum, Karnataka Urdu Academy, Bangalore, 1999. p. 157-174
- Jump up^ Zakir Sahib ki Insan Dosti by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Dr. Zakir Hussain Hayat wa Khidmat, Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library, Patna, 2000, page 97-108
- Jump up^ Shashi Thoroor The Great Indian Novel, page 347
- Jump up^ "DETAILS OF MEDIA PERSONS ACCOMPANYING THE PRESIDENT IN HIS/HER VISITS ABROAD SINCE 1947 TO 2012". The President's Secretariat. Retrieved 5 June2013.
External links[edit]
- Minority minister, V-C read Fatiha at Dr Zakir Hussain’s grave – TCN News
- Dr. Zakir Hussain Biography
pronunciation (help·info) (Urdu: ذاکِر حسین, Telugu: జాకీర్ హుస్సైన్), ; 8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) was the 3rd President of India, from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. An educationist and intellectual, Hussain was the country's first Muslim president. He previously served asGovernor of Bihar from 1957 to 1962 and as Vice President of India from 1962 to 1967.Zakir Hussain was also co-founder of Jamia Milia Islamia, serving as its Vice Chancellor from 1928. Under Hussain, Jamia became closely associated with the Indian freedom movement. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest national honour, in 1963.
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